Thursday, October 1, 2026

LinkedIn Jobs: How to Sort by Most Recent When the Sort Option Is Missing

LinkedIn’s newer Jobs interface may not show a visible “Sort by Most Recent” option. What is the point of applying for an eleven-month-old job? Fear not! You can still force newest-first results by adding the following to the end of your LinkedIn Jobs search URL and reloading the page:

&sortBy=DD

Tuesday, April 14, 2026

Azure Pipelines: Not triggering a build when README.md is edited

I was updating a README.md and realized I was about to trigger a pointless pipeline build. Had I Googled it, it might have taken ten minutes to "StackOverflow" the answer. Instead, AI told me to add an exclusion to the YAML file’s trigger, and now I know:

trigger:
  batch: true
  branches:
    include:
    - master
  paths:
    exclude:
    - '*.md'

Wednesday, January 7, 2026

macOS: Capture Video's Frames using Bash

The blog will cover how to screenshot a video on macOS using Bash. Videos typically run at 24 FPS or 30 FPS, so taking a screenshot every second will likely capture a representative frame of the video. macOS provides a command-line utility, screencapture, that takes screenshots.

The man page for screencapture is viewed as follows:

man screencapture

Below is a screenshot showing the key command-line arguments of screencapture:

When running screencapture from a macOS terminal console, a window may be displayed by the system. Permission will have to be given for Terminal to access the computer’s screen and audio. Similarly, when running screencapture in a Bash script from Visual Studio Code, the same permissions will have to be granted to Visual Studio Code.

To screenshot a video, run the Bash script. Then display the video full screen. The script will capture an image each second. By default, the script runs for 26 minutes, as a great many shows are 24 minutes long. A command line is provided to change the script duration.

If you are reading this, you are a developer. The command line for the script is readable in the comments. The script is less than two hundred lines of code, but most of the work is processing the command line.

Here is the script in its entirety:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Version 0.0 January 1, 2025 
# orignal release
# Version 0.1 January 2, 2025
# Made screen capture loop deduct processing time to hit closer to 1 second
# 
# Screenshot Capture Tool (macOS)
#
# Purpose
# -------
# Captures full-screen screenshots at a fixed interval for a fixed duration and
# writes them into a deterministic, hierarchical folder structure suitable for
# show / episodic video processing workflows.
#
# The tool is designed to capture a complete episode into a "raw" frame set that
# can later be post-processed (pruning, cropping, encoding, etc.).
#
#
# Folder Structure
# ----------------
# The output directory structure is built from the provided parameters as follows:
#
#   <CONTENT_ROOT>/
#     <SHOW_NAME>/
#       Season<SS>/
#         EP<EE>/
#           raw/
#             000000.png
#             000001.png
#             000002.png
#             ...
#
# Where:
#   <SS> = zero-padded season number (2 digits)
#   <EE> = zero-padded episode number (2 digits)
#
#
# Example
# -------
# Given:
#   CONTENT_ROOT = ~/ShowContent
#   SHOW_NAME   = Frieren
#   SEASON       = 1
#   EPISODE      = 2
#
# The resulting output directory will be:
#
#   ~/ShowContent/Frieren/Season01/EP02/raw/
#
# With files:
#
#   000000.png
#   000001.png
#   000002.png
#   ...
#
#
# File Naming
# -----------
# - Frames are named sequentially using a zero-padded counter:
#     %06d.png
# - Example: 000000.png, 000001.png, 000002.png
# - Existing files are never overwritten; the script exits on collision.
#
#
# Required Parameters
# -------------------
#   -n <show name>  Show name (folder name, verbatim)
#   -s <season>     Season number (integer)
#   -e <episode>    Episode number (integer)
#
#
# Optional Parameters
# -------------------
#   -r <root>      Content root directory (default: ~/ShowContent)
#   -i <seconds>   Capture interval in seconds (default: 1)
#   -d <minutes>   Total capture duration in minutes (default: 26)
#
#
# Notes
# -----
# - Uses macOS `screencapture` (same pipeline as Cmd+Shift+3)
# - Requires screen recording permission for the shell/terminal
# - Intended for deterministic, repeatable frame extraction
#

set -euo pipefail

CONTENT_ROOT="$HOME/ShowContent"
CAPTURE_INTERVAL_SECONDS=1
RUN_DURATION_MINUTES=26
RUN_DURATION_SECONDS=$((RUN_DURATION_MINUTES * 60))

SHOW_NAME=""
SEASON_NUMBER=""
EPISODE_NUMBER=""
RAW_FOLDER_NAME="raw"

usage() {
  echo "Usage: $0 -n <show name> -s <season> -e <episode> [-r <root>] [-i <interval>] [-d <duration>]"
  exit 1
}

while getopts "n:s:e:r:i:d:" opt; do
  case "$opt" in
    n) SHOW_NAME="$OPTARG" ;;
    s) SEASON_NUMBER="$OPTARG" ;;
    e) EPISODE_NUMBER="$OPTARG" ;;
    r) CONTENT_ROOT="$OPTARG" ;;
    i) CAPTURE_INTERVAL_SECONDS="$OPTARG" ;;
    d) RUN_DURATION_MINUTES="$OPTARG"
      RUN_DURATION_SECONDS=$((RUN_DURATION_MINUTES * 60))
      ;;
    *) usage ;;
  esac
done

if [[ -z "$SHOW_NAME" || -z "$SEASON_NUMBER" || -z "$EPISODE_NUMBER" ]]; then
  usage
fi

CONTENT_ROOT=$(cd "$(dirname "$CONTENT_ROOT")" && pwd)/$(basename "$CONTENT_ROOT")
if [[ "$CONTENT_ROOT" == /Volumes/* ]]; then
  VOLUME_ROOT="/Volumes/$(basename "$(dirname "$CONTENT_ROOT")")"

  if [ ! -d "$VOLUME_ROOT" ]; then
    echo "External drive not mounted: $VOLUME_ROOT" >&2
    exit 1
  fi
fi

if ! mkdir -p "$CONTENT_ROOT"; then
  echo "Failed to create content root: $CONTENT_ROOT" >&2
  exit 1
fi

SEASON_TAG=$(printf '%02d' "$SEASON_NUMBER")
EPISODE_TAG=$(printf '%02d' "$EPISODE_NUMBER")

RAW_DIR="$CONTENT_ROOT/$SHOW_NAME/Season$SEASON_TAG/EP$EPISODE_TAG/$RAW_FOLDER_NAME"

mkdir -p "$RAW_DIR"

printf 'Starting capture\n'
printf '  Show        : %s\n' "$SHOW_NAME"
printf '  Season       : %02d\n' "$SEASON_NUMBER"
printf '  Episode      : %02d\n' "$EPISODE_NUMBER"
printf '  Content root : %s\n' "$CONTENT_ROOT"
printf '  Output dir   : %s\n' "$RAW_DIR"
printf '  Interval (s) : %d\n' "$CAPTURE_INTERVAL_SECONDS"
printf '  Duration (m) : %d\n' "$RUN_DURATION_MINUTES"
printf '\n'

START_TIME_SECONDS=$SECONDS
END_TIME_SECONDS=$((START_TIME_SECONDS + RUN_DURATION_SECONDS))
FRAME_COUNTER=0
LAST_STATUS_SECONDS=0

while (( SECONDS < END_TIME_SECONDS )); do
  ITERATION_START=$SECONDS
  FRAME_NAME=$(printf '%06d.png' "$FRAME_COUNTER")
  FILE_PATH="$RAW_DIR/$FRAME_NAME"

  if [ -e "$FILE_PATH" ]; then
    echo "Frame file already exists: $FILE_PATH" >&2
    exit 1
  fi

  screencapture -x "$FILE_PATH"
  if [ ! -s "$FILE_PATH" ]; then
    echo "Screenshot failed or file not written: $FILE_PATH" >&2
    exit 1
  fi

  FRAME_COUNTER=$((FRAME_COUNTER + 1))

  if (( SECONDS - LAST_STATUS_SECONDS >= 30 )); then
    ELAPSED=$((SECONDS - START_TIME_SECONDS))
    printf '[%02d:%02d] frames=%d last=%s\n' \
      $((ELAPSED/60)) $((ELAPSED%60)) "$FRAME_COUNTER" "$FRAME_NAME"
    LAST_STATUS_SECONDS=$SECONDS
  fi

  ITERATION_END=$SECONDS
  PROCESSING_TIME=$((ITERATION_END - ITERATION_START))
  SLEEP_TIME=$((CAPTURE_INTERVAL_SECONDS - PROCESSING_TIME))

  if (( SLEEP_TIME > 0 )); then
    sleep "$SLEEP_TIME"
  fi
done

Tuesday, December 23, 2025

macOS: Configure Visual Studio Code to Run the Bash Debug Extension

The Bash Debug Extension, as of version 0.3.9, requires at least Bash 4.* or Bash 5.* to be installed. macOS natively has Bash 3.2 installed.

A convenient way to install Bash is with Homebrew. If Homebrew has not previously been installed, it can be installed as follows. From a terminal session, invoke the following to install Homebrew:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

The Homebrew installer provides the following steps to finalize the installation for the current user:

- Run these commands in your terminal to add Homebrew to your PATH:
    echo >> /Users/<username>/.zprofile
    echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> /Users/<username>/.zprofile
    eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"

Install Bash (currently 5.3.9) using Homebrew:

brew install bash

To run the latest Bash, specify the pathBash attribute in launch.json as follows:

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "type": "bashdb",
            "request": "launch",
            "name": "Bash-Debug (simplest configuration)",
            "program": "${file}",
            "pathBash": "/opt/homebrew/bin/bash"
        }
    ]
}




Monday, September 29, 2025

Git Command-Line: Listing All Untracked Files

When a new folder is added to a local Git repo, "git status" only shows the folder name:

C:\repo>git status

On branch bug/jdnark/1234408-Fix-Automation-Unzip

Untracked files:

  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)

        CICDAutomation/

To see all the files that are untracked, and not just the folder, use the following:

git status --untracked-files=all

An example of the files that are untracked is as follows:

C:\repo>git status --untracked-files=all
On branch bug/jdnark/1234408-Fix-Automation-Unzip
Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
        Automation/.gitignore
        Automation/Readme.md
        Automation/get_logs.py

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

Monday, September 22, 2025

Visual Studio Code: A launch.json for Python Development

Having spent years as a PowerShell developer, I find myself in need of a launch.json file for Python work. To add the launch.json file, create a new file under .vscode in Visual Studio Code. An example launch.json is as follows:

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "Python: Current File",
      "type": "debugpy",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${file}",
      "console": "integratedTerminal"
    },
    {
      "name": "Python: Upload CVEs",
      "type": "debugpy",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}/upload_cve_docs.py",
      "console": "integratedTerminal",
      "args": [
        "--file", "cve.jsonl",
        "--format", "jsonl",
        "--merge"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

The configuration, Python: Current File, allows me to debug the current file I have open. The configuration, Python: Upload CVEs, is specific to a script I am debugging (upload_cve_docs.py) and the parameters associated with that script.

The type attribute should be set as follows:
      "type": "debugpy",

Older version of launch.json specified:

      "type": python",

Using the above type attribute will display the following message as the attribute value python has been deprecated: 


WSL/Ubuntu: Make Visual Studio Code Always Use Your Python Virtual Environment

Recall from WSL: Install Azure OpenAI SDK that in order to install the Azure OpenAI SDK on Ubuntu, a virtual environment had to be used. When running Visual Studio Code and developing with Python, the terminal associated with this virtual environment must be used; otherwise, the Azure OpenAI SDK-related packages will not be found.

This is not an issue when running an interactive terminal. Each time an interactive terminal is opened, .bashrc contains the following line, which facilitates access to the virtual environment:

source ~/.venvs/azure/bin/activate

The Ubuntu instance that is running will always access the virtual environment during development. Every time Visual Studio Code is launched from Ubuntu, the Python interpreter associated with the virtual environment must be used.

To set this behavior globally, as opposed to per-project, open Visual Studio Code from your WSL Ubuntu instance such as:


From Visual Studio Code, press Ctrl+Shift+P (Command Palette) and search for:

Preferences: Open Remote Settings (JSON)

The previous command opens the global settings file. Insert the following lines, replacing the path with your venv’s Python interpreter:

{
  "python.defaultInterpreterPath": "/home/jann/.venvs/azure/bin/python",
  "python.terminal.activateEnvironment": true
}

The example above is from my personal environment, so use your own specific virtual environment setup. 

The python.defaultInterpreterPath setting points Visual Studio Code to your virtual environment. The setting python.terminal.activateEnvironment ensures it is auto-activated in the integrated terminal.

Once these changes have been made, save the file and close it.

Moving forward, every folder you open in Visual Studio Code will default to the virtual environment interpreter automatically.

This can also be configured on a per-folder basis by editing .vscode/settings.json, adding the following lines, and saving the file after modification:

{
    "python.defaultInterpreterPath": "/home/jann/.venvs/azure/bin/python",
    "python.terminal.activateEnvironment": true,
    "python.envFile": "${workspaceFolder}/.env"    
}

Again, the settings shown above (python.defaultInterpreterPath) are specific to my environment, and you should use your own virtual environment settings.